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相关概念视频

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

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甲状腺结节的分子测试:我们现在在哪里?

Carolina Ferraz1

  • 1Thyroid Diseases Unit - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa of Sao Paulo, Av. Angélica, 2491 cj 104 - CEP: 01232-011, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. carolina.ferraz.endocrinologia@gmail.com.

Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders
|October 30, 2023
PubMed
概括

分子测试改善了甲状腺结节的诊断,减少了对不确定的样本进行不必要的手术 (Bethesda III/IV). 这些测试还为甲状腺癌管理提供了预后和治疗见解.

科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 在瘤学瘤学.
  • 分子诊断学 分子诊断

背景情况:

  • 不确定的甲状腺结节 (Bethesda III/IV) 占精细针吸收的25%.
  • 从历史上看,大多数不确定的结节需要诊断手术,恶性瘤确认率低 (13-34%).

研究的目的:

  • 审查分子测试在管理不确定的甲状腺结节中的实用性.
  • 根据测试前恶性瘤风险指导分子测试的应用.
  • 讨论分子标记物在甲状腺癌中的不断演变的预后和治疗作用.

主要方法:

  • 评估临床,超声波和细胞学特征,以估计测试前恶性瘤风险.
  • 商业上可用的分子测试对诊断准确性的评估.
  • 关于在甲状腺癌中应用分子标记物的当前文献的综述.

主要成果:

  • 分子测试证明了不确定的甲状腺结节的良好诊断性能和准确性.
  • 这些测试可以帮助避免不必要的诊断手术.
  • 分子标志物越来越多地用于预后和指导向治疗.

结论:

关键词:
不确定的细胞学分子标记物 分子标记物分子测试是指分子测试.甲状腺结节 甲状腺结节

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  • 分子检测是管理不确定的甲状腺结节的一个有价值的工具.
  • 关于分子测试的个性化决定可以基于测试前的风险评估.
  • 分子标记在甲状腺癌的诊断,预后和治疗中起着至关重要的作用.