与COVID-19疫苗接种相关的行为变化:跨国在线调查
Alessandro De Gaetano1,2, Paolo Bajardi1,3, Nicolò Gozzi1,4
1ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy.
Journal of medical Internet research
|October 31, 2023
概括
COVID-19疫苗接种活动可能会导致减少对非药物干预措施 (NPIs) 的遵守,例如社交距离. 以前检测阳性或与易受伤害的人一起生活的人更有可能放松保护行为.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19疫苗接种早期阶段,非药物干预 (NPI) 非常重要.
- 了解疫苗推广对NPI采用的影响至关重要.
- 疫苗的可用性可能导致一些人放松保护行为,可能增加传播.
研究的目的:
- 评估关键疫苗接种事件后保护性行为放松的程度.
- 分析四个国家的行为变化和参与者社会人口统计数据之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项名为"COVID-19预防和行为调查"的在线调查对巴西,意大利,南非和英国的2263名参与者进行了调查.
- 对个人接种疫苗和弱势群体接种疫苗的行为变化进行了测量.
- 使用几率比率和回归分析将NPI遵守与社会人口统计因素联系起来.
主要成果:
- 参与者报告说,他们在社交活动中显著放松,与健康信念模型保持一致.
- 以前的COVID-19感染 (OR 2.46) 和与风险人群生活 (OR 1.57) 是NPI使用疫苗接种后减少的关键决定因素.
- 这些关联在第二剂疫苗接种后被观察到.
结论:
- 疫苗接种活动需要谨慎管理,以防止NPI过早放松.
- 行为变化可能独立于流行病动态,需要持续的公共卫生信息传递.
- 保持NPI遵守是最大限度地提高疫苗效益和控制病毒传播的必要条件.
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