美国疾病预防控制中心 (CDC) 对围产期暴露的婴儿和儿童进行C型肝炎检测的建议 - 美国,2023,
概括
美国的C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染率正在上升,特别是在孕妇中. 新的疾病预防控制中心指南建议对孕期暴露的婴儿和儿童进行特定的测试和护理,以帮助消除HCV的努力.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在2010-2021年期间,美国的C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染量有所增加,导致严重的肝病.
- 在生育年龄的成年人中,急性HCV感染人数增加了三倍,导致怀孕期间感染人数增加.
- 大约6-7%的婴儿在产前接触时会感染HCV,但许多婴儿没有接受检测或治疗.
研究的目的:
- 概述新的CDC建议,用于查和管理周产期暴露的婴儿和儿童的HCV.
- 改进对患有 HCV 周产期感染的儿童的鉴定,与护理联系和治疗.
- 通过针对性的儿科干预来支持国家消除C型肝炎的目标.
主要方法:
- 建议在2-6个月龄的围产期暴露婴儿中进行核酸检测 (NAT) 检测HCVRNA.
- 建议在婴儿中检测到HCVRNA时,咨询儿科C型肝炎专家.
- 概述了基于NAT结果和年龄的随访方案,包括对老年儿童的抗体测试.
主要成果:
- 确立了清晰的测试和随访指导方针,用于围产期暴露的婴儿和儿童.
- 确定特定的年龄窗口进行初始测试和必要时重新测试.
- 为儿童HCV病例提供了早期检测和干预的途径.
结论:
- 及时识别和治疗周围感染儿童对于消除HCV至关重要.
- 新的建议旨在弥补儿科HCV检测和护理方面的差距.
- 实施这些指导方针可以大大减少慢性HCV感染的负担.
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