超越核糖体生物发生:生理学和瘤生物学中的非编码核基RNA
Nuray Böğürcü-Seidel1, Nadja Ritschel1, Till Acker1
1Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)
|October 31, 2023
概括
细胞核是核糖体生产的关键,但也调节其他细胞功能. 本综述探讨了细胞生物学和癌症中的核长非编码RNA (lncRNA) 和microRNA (miRNA).
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 核核是核中最大的结构,对于核糖体生物生成至关重要.
- 它具有高RNA和低DNA度,影响核RNA代谢.
- 新兴研究揭示了核细胞功能超出了核糖体合成.
研究的目的:
- 对核细胞长非编码RNA (lncRNA) 和微RNA (miRNA) 的技术和发现进行审查.
- 探索非编码RNA在核细胞生物学中的作用,超越了核糖体生物发生.
- 突出核细胞和非编码RNA在生理学和癌症中的参与.
主要方法:
- 关于核细胞非编码RNA的最近研究的文献综述.
- 分析用于研究核细胞lncRNA和miRNA的技术.
- 综合了关于核细胞非编码RNA在细胞过程中的作用的发现.
主要成果:
- 核细胞非编码RNAs (lncRNAs和miRNAs) 参与了除了核糖体生物发生之外的各种细胞功能.
- 这些非编码RNA在正常生理学和瘤生物学中发挥着多方面的作用.
- 已开发出特定的技术来研究这些核细胞RNA物种.
结论:
- 细胞核是一个动态的枢纽,在核糖体生产之外,它有着关键的作用.
- 非编码RNAs,包括lncRNAs和miRNAs,是核细胞功能的关键调节者.
- 了解这些相互作用对于了解细胞过程和癌症发展至关重要.
相关概念视频
02:55The Nucleolus
8.9K
The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
8.9K
02:53Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
13.2K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.2K
01:23Types of RNA
63.8K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
63.8K
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
02:43Nucleic acids
163.4K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
163.4K
02:24Ribosome Profiling
3.5K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.5K