[由人类乳头瘤病毒产生的异位性病变. 在未接种疫苗的儿童和青少年中进行流行研究]
Patricia Romero F1, Eugenio Ramírez V2, Mónica Muñoz O1
1Hospital Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile.
Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria
|October 31, 2023
概括
人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 感染影响了30%的未接种疫苗的智利儿童和青少年有异位性病变. 该研究发现,HPV患病率因年龄,病变类型和基因型而异,突出显示PCR测试的必要性.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 感染的发病率在智利儿童和青少年中尚不清楚.
- 2014年,HPV疫苗被引入国家免疫计划,用于女孩,2019年为男孩.
- 在这个人群中,异位性病变需要对HPV感染进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 确定HPV感染在未接种疫苗的儿童和青少年呈现与生殖器官病变的流行率.
- 在这个队列中确定HPV感染的基因型和特征.
- 分析与儿童和青少年群体的HPV感染相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 在一家儿童医院 (2013-2017) 进行了一项对110名患有异位器官病变的儿童和青少年进行的横截面研究.
- 收集的数据包括咨询的原因,年龄,性别,HPV家族史,性虐待史和性活动.
- 使用PCR和L1基因的逆杂交进行了HPV检测和基因定型.
主要成果:
- 在30.9%的患者中检测到HPV (34/110),儿童 (44.9%) 的患病率高于青少年 (19.7%).
- 感染HPV的青少年报告了性接触 (91.7%),而感染HPV的儿童有性虐待史 (18.2%).
- 周围病变 (50%) 与HPV相关的频率高于生殖器病变 (25%). 基因型59,58,16,18,6和11是最常见的,高风险类型主要在青少年中.
结论:
- 在这个队列中,HPV感染的总流行率为30.9%.
- 青少年的HPV感染与性接触和高风险基因型有关,而在儿童中,它与低风险基因型有关.
- 周围病变比儿童和青少年的生殖器病变更强烈地表明HPV感染,这强调了PCR测试的必要性,以准确诊断.
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