生物和替代父母在贝克尔时期的成年儿童坟墓
Nicoletta Zedda1,2, Katie Meheux3, Jens Blöcher1
1Palaeogenetics Group, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Scientific reports
|November 1, 2023
概括
古代DNA分析揭示了亲密的家庭关系,如母亲和儿子,在公元前三千年贝克尔时期的葬礼在欧亚大陆. 这挑战了以前关于同时埋葬成年儿童的假设,突出了早期社会结构中的亲属关系.
科学领域:
- 考古遗传学 考古遗传学
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 社会考古学 社会考古学
背景情况:
- 在公元前三千年,西欧亚洲从集体埋葬到单体埋葬的转变.
- 在贝克尔时期,成人和儿童的共同埋葬是罕见的,人们对其了解甚少.
- 以前对这些葬礼的解释往往忽视了潜在的生物关系.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究两个比克时代的成年儿童坟墓 (卢森堡的阿尔特维斯;英国的斯塔布尔唐斯) 中个体之间的生物关系.
- 探索亲属关系在公元前三千年埋葬习惯和社会制度中的作用.
- 分析英国贝克人种群的大陆联系.
主要方法:
- 对骨遗骸的古代DNA (aDNA) 分析.
- 认同下降 (IBD) 分段共享分析.
- 使用来自欧洲的当代古代基因组进行祖先建模.
主要成果:
- 有关亲密血缘关系的证据,包括阿尔特维斯的亲生母亲和儿子.
- 识别扩大家庭关系,例如在斯塔布尔唐斯的父亲.
- 展示了英国Beaker种群与欧洲大陆之间的大陆联系.
结论:
- 亲密的血缘关系在塑造公元前三千年社会制度和葬礼习俗方面发挥了重要作用.
- 亲属关系,包括'替代父母',为同时埋葬成年儿童提供了一个令人信服的解释.
- 与暴力或疾病相比,这种家庭解释更好地解释了这些葬礼的特殊性和广泛性.
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