紧急部门接近麻疹
Catherine V Levitt1, Quincy K Tran2,3, Hashem Hraky1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC 20037, USA.
World journal of emergency medicine
|November 1, 2023
概括
麻疹 (mpox) 呈现非特异性症状,但淋巴腺病可以帮助诊断. 早期识别和治疗,包括tecovirimat和JYNNEOS疫苗接种,对于管理严重的mopox病例和预防并发症至关重要.
科学领域:
- 病毒感染 病毒感染
- 公共卫生紧急情况 公共卫生紧急情况
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 麻疹 (mpox) 是非洲特有的一种病毒性疾病,在非洲大陆以外很少发生大规模疫情.
- 2022年全球mopox疫情引发了世卫组织宣布国际关注的公共卫生紧急情况.
- 应急服务提供者需要对MPOX预防和控制的基础知识.
研究的目的:
- 审查mopox. 的临床表现.
- 概述mpox.的诊断方法.
- 总结mpox的预防和治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 关于PubMed和SCOPUS数据库的文献评论,截至2023年7月.
- 包括对成年患者的研究,新出现的感染,公共卫生紧急情况,系统性审查,临床指南和回顾性研究.
- 不包括未以英语出版的研究.
主要成果:
- 审查中包括了50项研究.
- 最初的mopox症状是非特异性的 (发烧,不适,肌痛,喉疼痛).
- 皮疹通常出现在前发症后2至4周;淋巴腺病可能会区分mpox和其他Poxviridae感染. 严重的并发症和并发症 (例如,艾滋病毒) 可以增加发病率.
结论:
- 由于非特异性的初始症状,Mpox诊断可能具有挑战性.
- 对于严重或高风险的mopox病例,最好使用tecovirimat;建议接种JYNNEOS疫苗.
- 及时诊断依赖于仔细的临床评估;存在各种预防和治疗选择.
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