教育程度和心血管疾病的终身风险
Jared W Magnani1,2, Hongyan Ning3, John T Wilkins3
1Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
JAMA cardiology
|November 1, 2023
概括
较低的教育程度与更高的终身心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险有关. 相反,高等教育与更长,更健康的生活有关,突出了教育政策对公共卫生的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 教育是健康的关键社会决定因素.
- 了解教育与终身心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险之间的关联对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
- 量化这种关系可以为有针对性的健康干预提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 根据教育成绩计算发生心血管疾病及其亚型的终身风险估计.
- 为了估计不同教育水平的CVD和没有CVD的寿命.
- 评估教育成绩对改善心血管疾病风险预测模型的有用性.
主要方法:
- 从6项前性队列研究 (1985-2015) 中汇集了个人级别的数据,其中包括40,998名参与者 (在基线时年龄为40-79岁).
- 修改的卡普兰-梅尔和考克斯模型被用于评估教育和终身心血管疾病风险之间的关联,并考虑了竞争的非心血管死亡率.
- 欧文限制平均值被用来估计根据教育水平的心血管疾病和没有心血管疾病的年龄.
主要成果:
- 与大学毕业生相比,较低的教育程度 (低于高中,高中毕业) 与一生CVD风险显著增加有关.
- 对心血管疾病事件的竞争性危险比率在中年男性和女性中,对于具有较低教育水平的个人来说都很高.
- 高等教育与发生心血管疾病之前的寿命更长有关,这表明它具有保护作用.
结论:
- 教育水平较低与心血管疾病的终身风险增加有显著的关联.
- 更高的教育程度与长期健康的生活相关,有助于健康的长寿.
- 教育政策的干预措施可以通过减轻心血管疾病风险,带来长期的大量公共卫生效益.
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