美国第二次COVID-19增剂疫苗接种的成本效益
Rui Li1,2,3, Pengyi Lu1, Christopher K Fairley2,3
1China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
Applied health economics and health policy
|November 1, 2023
概括
第二次COVID-19增剂疫苗具有成本效益,特别适用于老年人. 将这一战略扩展到年轻年龄组也提供了显著的健康和经济效益,减少了疾病负担.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- COVID-19 疫情继续构成一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 实施了第二次补充疫苗接种,以增强免疫力并减少疾病传播.
- 评估疫苗接种策略的经济影响对于资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估第二次COVID-19增剂疫苗接种的成本效益.
- 分析将第二个助推器战略扩展到不同年龄组的经济效益.
- 确定对医疗保健成本和质量调整寿命年 (QALYs) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个决策分析的易受-暴露-感染-恢复 (SEIR) -马尔科夫模型.
- 该模型纳入了五个年龄组:0-4,5-11,12-17,18-49岁和50岁以上.
- 校准使用来自美国的实际死亡率数据进行,并遵守"2022年综合健康经济评估报告标准".
主要成果:
- 对于50岁以上的个人来说,第二次增强策略的效益成本比为1.42,节省了3.43亿美元,并获得了2596个QALY.
- 将该策略扩展到18-49岁的年龄段,导致额外的1.592亿美元的储蓄,并获得了8790个QALY.
- 12-17岁的接种疫苗增加了1600万美元的储蓄和403个QALY,如果社交互动受到限制,ICER为26,705美元/QALY.
结论:
- 第二种COVID-19增剂疫苗接种策略在减少疾病负担方面占主导地位.
- 由于社会接触的好处,将战略扩展到年轻年龄组 (18-49岁和12-17岁) 仍然占主导地位.
- 这些发现支持在多个年龄群体中广泛实施第二次COVID-19增剂疫苗接种.
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