冷血脊椎动物进化了有组织的生殖中心样结构
Yasuhiro Shibasaki1,2, Sergei Afanasyev3, Alvaro Fernández-Montero1
1Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Science immunology
|November 1, 2023
概括
外热脊椎动物,如鱼,拥有特殊的脏结构,称为MMC相关的淋巴结合物 (M-LAs),促进适应性免疫反应,与哺乳动物中发现的生殖中心类似地起作用.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 比较生物学的比较生物学
- 进化医学是一种进化医学.
背景情况:
- 生殖中心 (GCs) 和二次淋巴细胞微结构 (SLMs) 传统上与内热物种有关.
- 外热脊椎动物具有自适应性免疫反应,但缺乏明显的SLM,这些反应的诱导部位尚不清楚.
- 了解ectotherms中的免疫反应诱导对于进化对适应性免疫的洞察至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究细胞和分子机制的基础上的适应性免疫反应在ectothermic鱼.
- 在冷血脊椎动物中识别类似于GC的潜在结构.
- 阐明脏微结构在热虫适应性免疫中的作用.
主要方法:
- 远鱼 (鱼) 感染 Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) 的情况.
- 与黑色素瘤细胞中心 (M-LAs) 相关的脏淋巴结合物的鉴定和特征.
- 分析B细胞增殖,抗原特异性,IgM重链CDR3谱系,激活诱导的cytidine deaminase表达,apoptosis和M-LAs内的体质突变.
主要成果:
- 形成含有增殖IgM+B细胞和CD4+T细胞的M-LAs,与脏MMC相邻.
- 在M-LA中,存在抗原特异性B细胞,显示出Ig基因的克隆扩张和体质突变.
- M-LAs表现出类似于GC的功能,包括B细胞激活,增殖,亡和Ig基因多样化.
结论:
- 外热脊椎动物已经进化了有组织的SLM (M-LAs),其功能与哺乳动物GC类似.
- M-LAs代表了原始的二次淋巴体结构,对于ectotherms适应性免疫反应至关重要.
- 这些发现表明,SLM在脊椎动物中的发育和功能存在着保存的进化机制.
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