肺纤维化患者的自我管理干预措施:范围审查
Joanna Y T Lee1, Gabriella Tikellis1, Leona Dowman1,2
1Respiratory Research@Alfred, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
概括
肺纤维化 (PF) 的自我管理策略通常是康复计划的一部分. 未来的研究应该开发PF特定的包,并使用标准化的结果措施,以更好地支持自我管理.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 康复科学 康复科学 康复科学
- 健康心理学 心理健康心理学
背景情况:
- 促进肺纤维化 (PF) 患者自我管理的最佳方法仍未确定.
- 这次审查旨在界定普遍的自我管理策略,评估指标,以及它们在PF中的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 确定用于肺纤维化护理的常见自我管理组件.
- 检查用于评估这些组件影响的结果措施.
- 了解肺纤维化的自我管理干预措施的有效性.
主要方法:
- 根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所"证据综合手册"进行了全面的范围审查.
- 在主要数据库中进行了搜索,包括Medline,Embase,PsychInfo,CINAHL和Cochrane控制试验中央注册表.
- 包括了结合成人PF自我管理的教育,行为或支持要素的研究,使用定量和/或定性方法.
主要成果:
- 分析了87项研究,揭示了共同的自我管理组件:教育 (78%),身体症状管理 (66%),以及心理社会福祉增强 (54%).
- 干预主要在肺部康复机构 (71%) 进行,没有研究测试PF特定的自我管理套餐.
- 关键的结果措施包括6分钟步行距离 (60%),圣乔治呼吸问卷 (37%),医学研究委员会呼吸障碍量表 (34%),超过50%的随机对照试验显示临床显著改善.
结论:
- 自主管理组件经常被整合到肺部康复计划中,而不是作为独立的干预措施提供.
- 未来的研究应优先考虑开发和测试肺纤维化特异性自我管理套餐.
- 标准化结果评估,包括自我有效性和与健康相关的行为,建议用于未来的研究.
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