相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Dissection of Larval Zebrafish Gonadal Tissue
Published on: April 26, 2017
哺乳动物器官发育和进化中的性别偏差基因表达
Leticia Rodríguez-Montes1, Svetlana Ovchinnikova2, Xuefei Yuan1
1Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
性别特定的基因程序驱动性二态. 性别之间的基因表达差异在性成熟时突然出现并迅速演变,特别是在物种间的基因水平上.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学
- 基因组学
- 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物中普遍存在两性特征,这些特征源于性别特异的发育计划.
- 了解这些遗传程序对于理解发育生物学和进化过程至关重要.
- 之前的研究对发育过程中性别特异性基因表达的动态有所了解.
研究的目的:
- 在发育过程中研究不同器官和物种的雄性和雌性基因表达特征.
- 识别性别偏差基因表达的模式和时间.
- 在基因和细胞层面探索性别偏差基因表达的进化动态.
主要方法:
- 分析了5种哺乳动物 (人,老鼠,老鼠,子,) 和1种鸟类 () 的5个器官中的雄性和雌性个体的基因表达特征.
- 在整个发育过程中检查基因表达的变化.
- 对不同器官,物种和细胞类型的性别偏差基因表达模式进行比较,并进行进化分析.
主要成果:
- 性别偏差基因表达在各个器官和物种中表现出显著的差异,通常是细胞类型的特异性.
- 性差异的急剧增加是在性成熟时期观察到的,而不是在发育期间的逐渐变化.
- 性偏差基因表达在基因水平上演变迅速,在器官之间有不同的进化机制,但在细胞水平上演变缓慢,在物种之间保持性二态细胞类型.
结论:
- 性别特定的遗传程序在发育过程中被动态调节,在物种和器官之间存在显著的分歧.
- 性成熟代表了建立基因表达的性别差异的关键时间.
- 虽然基因水平表达迅速演变,但保存的细胞类型是多种物种性二态特征的基础,突出显示了快速适应和保存的发育机制之间的平衡.
更多相关视频
09:47Using Ex Vivo Upright Droplet Cultures of Whole Fetal Organs to Study Developmental Processes during Mouse Organogenesis
Published on: October 21, 2015
11:25Quantitative Analysis of Protein Expression to Study Lineage Specification in Mouse Preimplantation Embryos
Published on: February 22, 2016
相关概念视频
Dosage Compensation
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female...
General Transcription Factors
Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus
Near the gonadal ridges, two duct systems are present: the mesonephric ducts (Wolffian ducts) and paramesonephric ducts (Müllerian ducts). These ducts form the basis for the...
Transcription Factors
X and Y Chromosomes
The germline cells such as egg and sperm cells carry only half the number of chromosomes, i.e., 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome. All eggs have an X chromosome, while sperm cells can carry an X or...