了解和利用O-GlcNAc在神经退行性疾病中的作用
Matthew R Pratt1, David J Vocadlo2
1Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
The Journal of biological chemistry
|November 2, 2023
概括
在神经退行性疾病中,O-GlcNAc的修饰及其通过O-GlcNAcase (OGA) 的去除至关重要. OGA 抑制剂在治疗阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森症方面表现有前途,临床试验正在推进.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 与O结合的N-乙糖胺 (O-GlcNAc) 是核和细胞质蛋白质上的一个动态的翻译后修饰.
- O-GlcNAcase (OGA) 是负责去除O-GlcNAc的酶,调节其细胞水平.
- 对O-GlcNAc的失调与各种神经退行性疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 探索O-GlcNAc修饰在神经退行性疾病中的作用.
- 讨论OGA抑制剂作为治疗剂的开发和应用.
- 阐明O-GlcNAc影响疾病途径的生物化学机制.
主要方法:
- 确定O-GlcNAcase (OGA) 的催化机制.
- 强效和选择性OGA抑制剂的开发和应用.
- 使用化学方法合成同质蛋白质.
- 研究对自,亡和粉样蛋白前体蛋白加工等途径的影响.
主要成果:
- OGA抑制剂是研究O-GlcNAc在生理学和疾病中的作用的宝贵工具.
- 在对神经退行性疾病 (如阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森症) 的临床试验中,OGA抑制剂正在取得进展.
- O-GlcNAc在神经保护和蛋白质平衡相关的途径中起到有益的作用.
结论:
- 通过OGA抑制准O-GlcNAc修饰是神经退行性疾病的有希望的治疗策略.
- 对O-GlcNAc作用的精确机制的进一步研究可以导致更精细的治疗干预措施.
- 了解O-GlcNAc对蛋白质聚合和细胞应激反应的影响,是未来药物开发的关键.
更多相关视频
12:48In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma
Published on: May 11, 2015
10.6K
06:43A Novel In Vitro Live-imaging Assay of Astrocyte-mediated Phagocytosis Using pH Indicator-conjugated Synaptosomes
Published on: February 5, 2018
12.2K
相关概念视频
Proteoglycans
3.9K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
3.9K
Glial Cells
87.4K
Overview
87.4K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
498
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
498
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory
583
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
583
Oligosaccharide Assembly
2.9K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
2.9K
Parkinson's Disease: Overview
564
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
564
