利用捐赠者群体研究输血传播和新兴传染病的流行病学和病原性
Evan M Bloch1, Michael P Busch2, Laurence M Corash3
1Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Transfusion medicine reviews
|November 2, 2023
概括
献血者群体为研究新出现的传染病和确保血液供应安全提供了宝贵的资源. 研究利用这些群体来了解病原体的传播和改善输血医学实践.
科学领域:
- 输血医学 输血医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,输血相关性肝炎和艾滋病毒需要在血液安全方面显著改善.
- 在高收入国家,目前的输血实践是非常安全的,因为加强了供体选择,检测和监测.
- 新兴的病原体继续构成威胁,强调需要主动的血液安全策略.
研究的目的:
- 探索献血者群体作为研究传染病的资源的潜力.
- 调查输血传播和新出现的传染病的流行病学和病原性.
- 提高血液供应的安全性,并为公共卫生倡议提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用来自不同献血者群体的纵向和横截面样本测试.
- 采用血清和分子测试来检测和描述病原体.
- 分析了来自常规实验室存储,运输和数据捕获系统的流行病学数据.
主要成果:
- 五项具有里程碑意义的研究检查了型肝炎病毒,急性艾滋病毒感染阶段,西尼罗河病毒动态,Babesia microti流行病学和SARS-CoV-2血清监测.
- 证明了献血者对了解疾病动态和告知查策略的有用性.
- 强调了输血药在传染病监测中的关键作用.
结论:
- 献血者群体是研究既定和新兴传染病的未充分利用的资产.
- 利用捐赠者数据可以提高对病原体流行病学和病原发生的理解.
- 利用献血者群体的积极战略对于保持输血安全和公共卫生至关重要.
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