在小麦植物圈细菌的两种属中,广泛且在很大程度上未知的prophage活动,多样性和功能
Peter Erdmann Dougherty1, Tue Kjærgaard Nielsen1, Leise Riber1
1Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
The ISME journal
|November 3, 2023
概括
环境细菌含有各种各样的prophages,病毒感染细菌. 这项研究揭示了小麦植物圈细菌中显著的prophage活动和多样性,影响微生物相互作用和遗传多样性.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 植物与细菌之间的相互作用
背景情况:
- 环境细菌承载着众多的菌体,但它们的多样性和功能尚不清楚.
- 菌体是细菌基因组内集成的病毒DNA,在细菌进化和生态学中起着至关重要的作用.
- 植物界,植物叶面上的环境,是细菌群落及其相关病毒的动态息地.
研究的目的:
- 来自小麦旗叶的Erwinia和Pseudomonas菌株的prophage活动和多样性的调查.
- 为了量化植物圈细菌中自发的prophage诱导.
- 探索细菌物种内遗传多样性和微生物战争中的prophages的作用.
主要方法:
- 从小麦旗叶中分离和描述63种Erwinia和Pseudomonas菌株.
- 开发和应用Virion诱导剖析测序 (VIP-Seq) 来识别和量化活性prophages.
- 序列分析和斑块检测以确定传染物多样性和宿主相互作用.
主要成果:
- 鉴定和量化120个自发诱导的菌体,其中一些细菌产生超过10^8个病毒/毫升.
- 在体外和植物内 (植物内) 观察到显著的prophage诱导.
- Erwinia aphidicola prophages是对物种内遗传多样性的主要贡献者,创造了对抗性的细菌派系.
- 插入序列与非活性prophages相关,使其与活性prophages区分开来.
结论:
- 生物圈细菌拥有广泛且基本上没有特征的prophage多样性.
- 前体是微生物多样性的关键驱动力,并在细菌群体中调解微生物战争.
- 在小麦植物圈中,食原体的活动很重要,影响细菌生态和进化.
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