儿童结核病的当前流行病学
Sushant Satish Mane1, Pragya Shrotriya2
1State Pediatric Center of Excellence for TB, Department of Pediatrics, Grant Govt. Medical College, Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, India. drsush2006@gmail.com.
Indian journal of pediatrics
|November 3, 2023
概括
儿童结核病 (TB) 是一个重要的全球卫生问题,特别是在印度. 解决儿童结核病病例中56%的检测差距对于有效的消除策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是全球主要的死亡原因,儿童是传播的关键储存器.
- 儿童结核病构成了相当大的负担,印度占全球负载的31%,但仅占全国结核病消除计划 (NTEP) 病例的6-7%.
- 印度有显著的56%的检测差距突出了儿童结核病病例的遗漏,包括低估了儿童的多药耐药/耐利结核病 (MDR/RR-TB).
研究的目的:
- 强调成功检测和治疗儿童结核病的关键需求,以有效消除结核病.
- 突出印度儿童结核病相关的流行病学和风险因素.
- 通过了解儿科结核病负担,为资源分配和政策制定提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对印度NTEP下的儿科结核病发病率和治疗现有数据的审查.
- 对儿童结核病和MDR/RR-TB的估计检测差距的分析.
- 识别和讨论各种风险因素,有助于结核病暴露,感染和儿童的疾病.
主要成果:
- 儿童占结核病负担的很大一部分,但诊断和治疗不足.
- 印度面临着儿童结核病的实质性检测差距 (56%),MDR/RR-TB的严重报告不足.
- 许多因素,包括环境,遗传和社会经济因素,影响儿童结核病风险.
结论:
- 没有针对儿科结核病例的检测和治疗,就不可能制定有效的结核病消除策略.
- 了解儿童结核病的自然史和流行病学对于识别脆弱人群至关重要.
- 这种知识对于有针对性的资源配置和明智的政策决策来打击儿科结核病至关重要.
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