在发育过程中因热引起的女性偏差性别比率在长时间的热选择后并未减轻
Marta A Santos1,2, Marta A Antunes1,2, Afonso Grandela1,2
1cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Lisboa, Portugal.
BMC ecology and evolution
|November 3, 2023
概括
气候变暖增加了热量压力,导致Drosophila subobscura中雌性偏差的性别比率. 长期适应变暖并没有纠正这些由温度引起的性别比率扭曲,威胁到人口的持续存在.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 气候变化对生物多样性构成越来越大的威胁,特别是影响敏感的生态热植物发展阶段.
- 对热应激的性别特异反应会导致性别比率偏差,影响人口的持续性.
- 调查长期热选择减轻性别比例扭曲的能力至关重要,但研究不足.
研究的目的:
- 在不同的发育温度下分析Drosophila subobscura种群的性别比率模式.
- 评估在变暖的环境中长期实验进化对性别比率扭曲的影响.
- 为了确定热选择是否可以缓解热引起的性别比失衡.
主要方法:
- 在大约30代的时间里,Drosophila subobscura种群的实验进化.
- 人口暴露在受控变暖的环境中.
- 在不同发育温度下分析性别比率模式.
主要成果:
- 高发育温度始终导致性别比例失衡,有利于女性.
- 在变暖环境下的实验进化并没有缓解由热应激引起的性别比率扭曲.
- 性别在热应激下生存的差异可能解释了观察到的性别比率偏差.
结论:
- 发育过程中的热应激会导致性别比率的显著偏差,对自然种群面临环境变化的影响.
- 许多昆虫在发育过程中无法避免热变化,这使得它们很容易受到气候变暖的影响.
- 观察到的性别比例扭曲对在变暖的环境中昆虫种群的持续存在构成重大威胁.
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