在儿童癌症治疗的创新
Lauren Helms1, Allison E Guimera2, Katherine A Janeway3
1Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Pediatrics
|November 3, 2023
概括
尽管儿童癌症的生存率有所改善,但差异仍然存在. 为所有患有癌症的儿童提高获得护理的机会,了解瘤生物学,并完善终身护理对于所有患有癌症的儿童至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
- 临床试验 临床试验
背景情况:
- 儿童癌症的结果有所改善,但在癌症类型和患者群体中进展不均.
- 在获得护理方面存在重大差异,包括儿童癌症患者的临床试验和先进诊断测试.
- 对儿童癌症幸存者来说,终身的多学科护理是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近的进展,并确定儿童瘤学的改进领域.
- 突出关键领域,包括降低毒性,癌症生物学,新疗法,检测/监测和获得护理.
主要方法:
- 关于当前儿科瘤学研究和临床实践的最新情况.
- 分析了5个主要领域:降低毒性,癌症生物学,新疗法,检测和监测以及获得护理.
主要成果:
- 儿科癌症治疗的进步导致了更好的生存率.
- 对瘤异质性的持续研究对于开发新的治疗策略至关重要,特别是对于脑瘤和肉瘤.
- 需要新兴技术来管理儿童癌症幸存者的治疗毒性.
结论:
- 解决获得护理和临床试验的差异至关重要.
- 进一步了解癌症生物学和开发新疗法对于改善结果至关重要.
- 改善沟通和协调,终身护理对于儿童癌症幸存者至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:30Cancer Vaccines
380
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
380
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.9K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
533
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
533
02:49Cancer Therapies
7.7K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.7K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.7K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K
01:22Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants
339
Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
339