由视网膜疾病引起的视力障碍和失明:一项基于全国登记的全国性研究
Chuandi Zhou1, Shu Li2, Luyao Ye1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai engineering center for precise diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, Shanghai, China.
Journal of global health
|November 3, 2023
概括
糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 是中国视力丧失的主要原因,影响了相当一部分视力受损和失明的患者. 针对妇女,老年人和服务不足的地区的有针对性的干预措施对于缓解这一公共卫生挑战至关重要.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 视网膜疾病是全球主要的健康问题,对视力障碍和失明有重大影响.
- 准确的视力损失患病率数据对于有效的眼科保健规划和资源配置至关重要.
- 了解中国视网膜疾病的具体负担对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定可归因于中国主要视网膜疾病的视力障碍和失明的比例.
- 确定导致中国人口视力丧失的主要视网膜疾病.
- 分析与视网膜疾病的视力损失相关的人口和区域风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的基于登记的研究,涵盖了中国大陆31个省份的51个治疗中心.
- 包括28,320名被诊断患有视网膜疾病的成年患者,接受标准化眼科检查.
- 使用最佳校正视敏度 (BCVA) 来根据世卫组织和美国标准定义视力损伤和失明,并用于风险因素分析的后勤回归.
主要成果:
- 根据世卫组织的标准,有46%的人患有单侧视力损伤和18%的人患有单侧盲;31%的人患有双侧视力损伤和3.3%的人患有双侧盲.
- 糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 是主要原因,占单边视力损伤的32%,双边视力损伤的60%,单边失明的35%,双边失明的64%.
- 与年龄相关的黄斑变性,近视性黄斑病,视网膜静脉封闭和视网膜脱落是其他显著的贡献者. 女性,老年人 (45岁以上) 和中国中西部居民的视力损失风险较高.
结论:
- 视网膜疾病在中国造成了相当大的视觉负担,视网膜疾病是视力障碍的主要原因.
- 加强糖尿病管理和广泛的查计划是必要的,以防止DR相关的视力损失.
- 应特别关注和资源应针对妇女,老年人口和较不发达地区,以解决眼睛健康结果的差异.
相关概念视频
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
6.1K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.1K
01:16Focusing of Light in the Eye
2.9K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
2.9K
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
595
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
595
01:20Anatomy of the Eyeball
7.1K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
7.1K
01:12Visual Agnosia
210
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
210