在COVID-19大流行期间,揭示与医疗保健的潜在空间可访问性和不断变化的模式相比
Kristina Gligorić1,2, Chaitanya Kamath1, Daniel J Weiss3,4
1Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Communications medicine
|November 4, 2023
概括
使用现实世界的旅行时间来衡量医疗保健准入,与最佳估计相比,发现了显著的差异. 这些暴露的旅行时间受到COVID-19大流行影响,突显了不平等以及有针对性的公共卫生政策的需要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 移动数据科学 数据科学
- 健康 公平 研究 健康 公平 研究
背景情况:
- 评估获得医疗保健的机会至关重要,但具有挑战性,传统方法往往低估了现实世界的障碍.
- 以前的研究依赖于理论上的旅行时间,忽视了实际的人类流动模式及其对护理准入的影响.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种新的方法来测量医疗保健的可访问性,使用经验人类流动性数据.
- 在全球范围内量化发现 (实际) 和潜在 (最佳) 旅行时间到医疗机构之间的差异.
- 分析COVID-19流行病对医疗保健可访问性模式的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用聚合的,匿名的智能手机位置历史数据来计算到100多个国家的医疗保健机构的旅行时间.
- 将发现的旅行时间与来自谷歌地图的潜在旅行时间进行了比较.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,揭示可访问性的量化变化.
主要成果:
- 揭露的旅行时间明显超过了潜在的旅行时间,差异在大多数国家超过30分钟,在49个国家超过60分钟.
- 医疗保健可访问性差异与预期寿命和婴儿死亡率有很强的相关性,即使考虑到财富和潜在可访问性.
- COVID-19 流行病显然改变了医疗保健的准入,不成比例地影响了公共交通运输用户.
结论:
- 经验数据显示,医疗保健的实际和理论旅行时间之间存在很大的差距,这表明存在很大的可访问性障碍.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,医疗保健获得的现有不平等现象加剧了.
- 这些发现为决策者提供了关键数据,以识别服务不足的人群,并通过有针对性的资源分配促进健康公平.
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