一项随机试验评估了相关基因多态化与因西斯丁多日化疗引起的恶心和吐之间的关联
Yilan Jin1, Feng Chen2, Juan Zhao2
1Department of Infectious diseases Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, China.
BMC medical genomics
|November 4, 2023
概括
在HTR3B,HTR3C,ERCC1,ERCC4和MTHFR基因中的遗传变异可能预测化疗诱导的恶心和吐 (CINV) 结果. 这些基因多态化可以在接受西斯的患者中作为CINV的独立预后因素.
科学领域:
- 药物基因组学 药物基因组学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 化疗诱导的恶心和吐 (CINV) 显著影响患者的生活质量.
- 标准的抗治疗方案,包括奥兰扎宾或阿普雷皮坦,用于预防CINV.
- 在CINV反应的个体变异性表明遗传因素的作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查特定基因多态化与抗治疗方案在预防西斯普拉丁诱导的恶心和吐 (CINV) 的有效性之间的相关性.
- 识别潜在的基因标记物,预测治疗对奥兰扎宾或以阿普雷皮坦为基础的抗治疗的反应.
主要方法:
- 从89名癌症患者的190次西斯丁化疗周期的血液样本中分析了基因多态性.
- 患者接受了三重抗治疗方案,包括奥兰扎宾或阿普里坦,5-HT3RA和德克萨米他.
- 评估了急性 (0-24h),延迟 (25-120h) 和整体 (0-120h) 阶段的总保护 (TP) 率.
主要成果:
- 在 olanzapine 组中,HTR3A rs1176719 非GG 基因型与急性和延迟阶段TP的增加有关.
- 在阿普雷皮坦组中,MTHFR rs1801131 TT基因型与急性期TP增加相关,HTR3A rs1062613 CC基因型与延迟期TP相关.
- 多变量分析表明,HTR3B rs7943062 GG基因型与延迟期TP的增加有关,MTHFR rs1801131 TT基因型与急性和延迟期TP的增加有关.
结论:
- 在HTR3A,HTR3B,HTR3C,ERCC1,ERCC4和MTHFR中的基因多态可能作为CINV的独立预后因素.
- 这些发现表明药物遗传学分析在优化癌症患者的抗策略方面可能发挥作用.
相关概念视频
01:27Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists
216
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
216
01:28Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists
170
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy. SP binds and activates...
170
01:21Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
286
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
286
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.9K