能量和宏观营养素的限制调节胆酸平衡
András Gregor1, Valeriya Panteva1, Stefan Bruckberger1
1Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry
|November 4, 2023
概括
热量限制 (CR) 通过改变基因表达和增强肠道吸收,增加肝脏和肠道中的胆酸 (BA). 长期的能量限制,而不仅仅是碳水化合物限制,是这些BA变化的关键.
科学领域:
- 代谢与营养 代谢与营养
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 卡路里限制 (CR) 之前已经表明可以增加肠道胆酸 (BA) 度.
- 在饮食干预下研究调节BA水平的营养相关因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明在各种饮食限制下在小鼠中增加BA水平背后的机制.
- 为了确定特定的饮食成分和能量限制在BA恒温中的作用.
主要方法:
- 雄性小鼠接受了不同的限制性饮食 (CR,间歇性禁食,模仿禁食的饮食,低碳水化合物,性).
- 在肝脏,血和便中测量BA度.
- 评估了关键BA合成和输送因子 (Shp,Cyp27a1,Bal,Ntcp,CYP7A1) 的基因和蛋白质表达.
主要成果:
- CR增加了肝脏BA度,与减少Shp表达和改变BA合成/运输基因的mRNA/蛋白质水平有关.
- 便BA的降低,血BA的增加,以及升调的叶BA载体表明CR小鼠的肠道BA吸收增加.
- 长时间的能量限制 (CR,间歇性禁食,模仿禁食的饮食) 增加了BA水平,而夜间禁食的影响很小.
- 低碳水化合物/基因饮食增加了肝脏BA,但不增加肠道BA;仅仅碳水化合物限制刺激了肝脏BA合成.
结论:
- 能量限制,特别是长时间的形式,对于增加肠道BA水平和增强其吸收至关重要.
- 特定的饮食操纵,如碳水化合物限制,会影响BA合成,并且在肝脏和肠道的平衡不同.
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