通过metatranscriptomic分析揭示了浴类领域的自营性和异营性 prokaryotic 代谢之间的相互作用
Abhishek Srivastava1,2, Daniele De Corte3,4, Juan A L Garcia5,6
1Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Bio-Oceanography and Marine Biology Unit, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria. abhishek.srivastava@univie.ac.at.
Microbiome
|November 5, 2023
概括
黑暗海洋中的海洋微生物可以使用硫酸作为能量,补充沉没的有机物质. 这项研究表明,硫酸硫酸盐增强了碳固定和微生物生长,揭示了化学自otrophy和异质otrophy之间的代谢联系.
科学领域:
- 海洋微生物学 海洋微生物学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
背景情况:
- 深海异构型微生物依赖于沉没的有机物质.
- 这种供应往往是不够的,需要替代能源,如化学自营养.
- 减少的硫化合物,如硫酸硫酸盐,是海洋 prokaryotes 的潜在能源.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究硫酸硫酸盐作为深海原核生物的能量来源的作用.
- 确定硫酸盐和溶解有机物 (DOM) 对微生物碳固定和社区结构的影响.
- 探索黑色海洋中化学自营菌和异营菌微生物之间的代谢相互作用.
主要方法:
- 来自拉布拉多海水 (2000米深) 的海水在黑暗中被化.
- 处理包括未经修改的,硫酸盐修改的,硫酸盐加DOM修改的海水.
- 测量了无机碳的固定性,并在1小时和72小时后进行了元转录组分析.
主要成果:
- 硫酸和硫酸加DOM修正案显著增强了 prokaryotic 无机碳固定.
- 生成的能量被用于糖原和脂生物合成.
- 硫酸盐的添加刺激了氧化硫的细菌 (Deltaproteobacteria,Epsilonproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria),而硫酸盐加DOM则有利于复制性Gammaproteobacteria.
结论:
- 硫酸硫酸盐的添加刺激了化学自性碳固定,并影响了微生物群落的组成.
- 基因表达模式表明硫氧化以获得能量和二氧化碳固定之间的代谢相互作用.
- 这些发现凸显了替代能源对深海微生物生命的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:15Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs
21
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
21
01:28Microbial Nutrition
38
Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
38
01:29Overview of Archaea
27
Archaea, named after the Archaean eon, represent a unique domain of life, distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, with remarkable traits. Their cellular and molecular features, ecological adaptability, and industrial relevance highlight their importance in understanding life processes and leveraging biotechnology.Cellular and Molecular CharacteristicsA defining feature of archaea is their unique membrane composition. Archaeal membranes contain ether-linked isoprenoid lipids, which confer...
27
01:30Diversity of Archaea I
18
Archaea, a domain of single-celled microorganisms, are classified into five major phyla based on genetic and biochemical characteristics: Euryarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, Korarchaeota, and Nanoarchaeota. Among these, the phylum Euryarchaeota is notable for its remarkable diversity in morphology, metabolism, and ecological adaptations.Morphological and Metabolic DiversityMembers of Euryarchaeota exhibit a variety of cellular shapes, including rods and cocci. Their metabolic pathways...
18
01:18Amino Acid Catabolism
28
Microorganisms rely on proteins as an essential carbon and energy source, particularly in environments with limited polysaccharides or lipids. However, proteins are too large to cross the plasma membrane unaided, necessitating enzymatic degradation. Microbes secrete extracellular proteases and peptidases that hydrolyze proteins into peptides, which can then be transported across the membrane. Once inside the cell, intracellular proteases degrade these peptides into free amino acids, which...
28
01:24Diversity of Archaea II
19
Archaea, one of the three domains of life, exhibit remarkable diversity and adaptability, thriving in both extreme and moderate environments. Historically, most identified archaea have been classified into two major phyla: Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. However, recent molecular studies have expanded this classification to include three additional phyla: Thaumarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, and Korarchaeota, each exhibiting unique characteristics and ecological roles.Thaumarchaeota: Mesophiles...
19