与儿科患者听力损失识别延迟相关的风险因素
Michael M Lindeborg1, Inderpreet Kaur Khalsa1, Elizabeth N Liao1
1Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
概括
社会人口统计学因素,如并发症和社会脆弱性,与儿科晚发现听力损失 (LIHL) 有关. 了解LIHL子组中的这些因素可以帮助减少识别差异.
科学领域:
- 儿科听力学 儿科听力学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 在健康方面存在差异.
背景情况:
- 儿童晚发现的听力损失 (LIHL) 带来了重大挑战.
- 社会人口统计学因素可能会影响听力损失 (HL) 的识别.
- 在LIHL群体内进行子组分析是必要的,以了解各种风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 确定与儿科LIHL相关的社会人口因素.
- 在LIHL群体中分类新型子组.
- 在不同的LIHL途径中探索风险因素的变化.
主要方法:
- 对1087名永久性听力损失儿童 (2012-2020年) 的回顾性队列研究.
- 早期识别的HL与LIHL的比较 (>在诊断时6个月).
- 将LIHL分为三个子组:晚期识别的先天性HL,晚期发病的HL和晚期识别的未知发病的HL. 使用ArcGIS Pro进行地理空间分析.
主要成果:
- 患有LIHL的儿童表现出更高的并发病率,更有可能来自代表不足的少数群体 (URM),并且具有更高的社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 评分.
- 晚期识别的未知发病HL与非英语家庭 (AOR=1.84) 和社区劣势 (AOR=4.08) 相关.
- 晚期出现的HL不太可能拥有公共保险 (AOR=0.47) 并显示与邻居不利状况的相关性减少 (AOR=0.40).
结论:
- 社会人口统计因素作为医疗保健获取指标,在LIHL途径中存在差异.
- 确定每个LIHL子组的特定风险因素至关重要.
- 解决儿科听力损失识别中的差异需要了解这些多样化的社会人口统计学关联.
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