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相关概念视频

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Nose and Nasal Cavity01:24

Nose and Nasal Cavity

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The nose is composed of an observable exterior segment (external nose) and an internal segment within the skull known as the nasal cavity (internal nose). The external nose, visible on the face, consists of a framework of bone and hyaline cartilage enveloped in skin and muscle and lined with a mucous membrane. This structure is supported by the frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillary bone and is supplemented by a cartilaginous framework comprising the septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal...
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

Common Respiratory Disorders

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Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

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在COVID-19患者中嗅觉功能障碍.

Feras M Alkholaiwi1, Alhanouf F Altamimi1, Hanan H Almalki1

  • 1From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alkholaiwi, Alotaibi), College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the College of Medicine (Almalki, Almughaiseeb, Alsubaie, Alhijli, Alobaishi), Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (Altamimi) From the Department of Family Medicine (Altamimi), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Family Medicine (Alsayahi), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Family Medicine (Alqahtani), John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Paediatrics (Agrawal), Gandhi Medical College, MP, India.

Saudi medical journal
|November 5, 2023
PubMed
概括

嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 是COVID-19患者的常见症状,影响超过34%的个人. 这种症状经常伴随着味觉功能障碍,可以是2019年新冠肺炎疾病 (COVID-19) 的早期指标.

关键词:
在 COVID-19 疫情中,缺血症是什么意思 缺血症是什么意思这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.厌食症是一种厌食症.嗅觉功能障碍 嗅觉功能障碍

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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

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科学领域:

  • 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
  • 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
  • 流行病学 流行病学

背景情况:

  • 嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 和味觉功能障碍 (GD) 是与2019年冠状病毒疾病 (COVID-19) 相关的已知的症状.
  • 了解这些感官功能障碍的患病率对于早期诊断和患者管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 在被诊断为COVID-19的个人中确定嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 的频率.
  • 分析COVID-19患者中OD与味觉功能障碍 (GD) 的同时发生情况.

主要方法:

  • 使用主要数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Google Scholar,Web of Science) 进行了一次系统的文献审查.
  • 包括的研究是在2020年1月至2021年12月期间以英语出版的,报告了COVID-19患者的OD或OD与GD.
  • 分析了来自84篇文章的数据,包括来自27个国家的36903名患者.

主要成果:

  • 单独嗅觉障碍的总体患病率为34.60%,与味觉功能障碍相结合,为11.36%.
  • 具体的嗅觉功能障碍包括厌氧 (20.85%),缺氧 (5.04%),厌氧或缺氧 (8.88%), (1.84%),幻觉 (0.78%),和高 (0.02%).
  • 大多数OD患者 (58.1%) 是女性.

结论:

  • 嗅觉功能障碍,有或没有味觉功能障碍,是COVID-19患者经常出现的临床特征.
  • 这些感官变化是COVID-19的显著早期指标,有助于临床医生及时诊断.
  • 这些发现强调了在疑似COVID-19病例中评估嗅觉和味觉功能的重要性.