居住在大脑中的细菌和神经退行性疾病:"大脑微生物组"理论
Tarek Ziad Arabi1, Aliyah Abdulmohsen Alabdulqader1, Belal Nedal Sabbah1
1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|November 6, 2023
概括
大脑微生物组理论认为,中枢神经系统中的微生物会导致神经退行性疾病 (ND). 虽然在ND大脑中发现了一些微生物,但污染和不一致的结果挑战了这一理论.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 神经退行性疾病的发病因子
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病的有毒蛋白质病变理论受到辩论,促使人们对替代性神经退行性疾病 (ND) 发病理论进行研究.
- 新出现的证据表明,中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的微生物组,有些人建议大脑居住的生物诱导慢性神经炎症,导致NDs.
研究的目的:
- 审查支持和反驳神经退行性疾病的大脑微生物组假设的证据.
- 讨论大脑微生物组理论的挑战和局限性.
- 探索微生物入侵和神经退行的潜在机制,以及治疗方面的影响.
主要方法:
- 对调查神经退行性疾病患者中枢神经系统中微生物存在的研究的文献综述.
- 分析支持和反对大脑微生物组假设的证据.
- 检查微生物进入大脑的潜在机制及其在神经退行症中的作用.
主要成果:
- 在ND患者的大脑中发现了特定的细菌 (例如, *Chlamydia pneumoniae*, *Helicobacter pylori*, *Cutibacterium acnes*) 和真菌 (例如, *Candida*, *Malassezia*).
- 局限性包括不一致的发现,样本污染问题和外源DNA的检测,对假设产生怀疑.
- 该审查综合了当前对 ND 病原发生中的微生物参与的理解.
结论:
- 大脑微生物组假设为神经退行性疾病提供了新的视角,但面临着重大的方法论和经验挑战.
- 需要进一步的严格研究来验证中枢神经系统微生物在ND中的作用,并探索它们的治疗潜力.
- 了解微生物-中枢神经系统相互作用对于开发抗神经退行症的新策略至关重要.
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