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相关概念视频

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

118
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
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The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic

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In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
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Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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建模决策偏见的模型

Ettore Cerracchio1, Steven Miletić1, Birte U Forstmann1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Frontiers in computational neuroscience
|November 6, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

数学认知模型,特别是证据积累模型,比统计模型更全面地了解决策偏见. 这些模型包括响应时间,为注意力和期望偏差提供了更深入的见解.

关键词:
DDM DDM DDM 的意思是什么意思在EAMAM中,EAMAM是EAM.这是SDT SDT.关注注意力注意力注意力注意力认知建模的认知建模决策过程中的偏见预先的概率是预先的概率.

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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 计算神经科学是一种计算神经科学.
  • 决策科学科学 决策科学

背景情况:

  • 决策偏见是人类行为的组成部分.
  • 统计模型提供了描述性的见解,但缺乏预测能力,可以被模两可地解释.
  • 数学认知模型为预测和模拟决策过程提供了正式假设.

研究的目的:

  • 为了比较信号检测理论和证据积累模型在捕获决策偏见方面的有效性.
  • 研究注意力和期望对认知过程的影响.
  • 质疑现有的关于注意力和先前概率对决策参数的影响的发现.

主要方法:

  • 用信号检测理论和证据积累模型进行研究的比较分析.
  • 使用证据积累模型对注意力和期望偏差的最新研究进行审查.
  • 检查挑战既定参数影响的新发现.

主要成果:

  • 证据积累模型通过结合响应时间数据,提供了更完整的决策偏见.
  • 注意力不仅影响证据积累的速度,还影响非决策时间.
  • 预先概率不仅影响起点,还影响证据积累的漂移速度.

结论:

  • 证据积累模型在理解决策偏见方面优于统计模型.
  • 新发现需要对注意力和先前概率如何调节认知决策参数进行修订理解.