迪尔活动结构化了哺乳动物社区在人类主导的景观中出现的情况
Amy E Mayer1, Laken S Ganoe1, Charles Brown2
1Department of Natural Resources Science University of Rhode Island Kingston Rhode Island USA.
Ecology and evolution
|November 6, 2023
概括
野生动物物种通过改变其活动时间,而不仅仅是地点,来适应人类的发展. 了解diel (24小时) 活动模式对于在不断变化的环境中有效保护野生动物至关重要.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 景观生态学 景观生态学
背景情况:
- 人类产生的发展显著改变野生动物息地和资源的可用性.
- 物种可能通过改变它们的空间分布和/或24小时活动模式来响应环境变化.
- 传统的野生动物研究往往忽视了动物活动的转变,主要关注空间占用.
研究的目的:
- 研究哺乳动物群落如何应对不同级别的人类发育和不同季节的森林覆盖.
- 分析以应对环境压力而发生的柴油占用模式的变化.
- 将迪尔活动纳入息地建模,以更全面地了解物种-景观关系.
主要方法:
- 采用了多个状态的车辆占用率建模框架.
- 收集了2021-2022年夏季和冬季240个地点的摄像头陷数据.
- 模拟了14种哺乳动物物种的占用率和检测概率,考虑了森林的发展/范围和季节.
主要成果:
- 所有14种哺乳动物物种都在森林占用和检测方面表现出异质性,受发展/森林覆盖和/或季节的影响.
- 不那么敏感的中食动物 (大猩猩,红狐) 在晚上更多地占据了开发的地点.
- 更敏感的中肉食动物 (渔民,猫) 在白天只占据森林覆盖面增加的区域.
结论:
- 鱼活动模式是野生动物对人为压力的反应的一个关键,但经常被忽视的组成部分.
- 息地建模应整合生物活动,以准确评估物种与景观的关系.
- 了解这些适应对于面临日益增长的人类发展的地区的野生动物保护至关重要.
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