肠道微生物群体中的基因组信号,而不是动物代谢特征
Xue-Ying Zhang1, Saeid Khakisahneh1, Wei Liu1
1State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
National science review
|November 6, 2023
概括
宿主类型学强烈影响哺乳动物的肠道微生物,即使环境变化. 然而,宿主代谢特征与进化相关性没有联系,特别是在环境压力期间.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 哺乳动物生理学哺乳动物生理学
背景情况:
- 宿主基因和环境影响哺乳动物肠道微生物群和新陈代谢.
- 有限的研究同时检查微生物组合,宿主代谢可塑性,以及它们的进化联系.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究宿主基因和环境因素对肠道微生物群落和动物宿主代谢特征的同时影响.
- 评估微生物组合和代谢可塑性在短期和进化时间尺度.
主要方法:
- 七种动物物种及其肠道微生物群落的遗传学分析.
- 实验室操作包括养,饮食和温度适应.
- 模拟热浪实验,以评估微生物和代谢反应.
主要成果:
- 肠道微生物社区的结构与动物物种的基因组 (细胞共生) 密切相似,通过实验室变化持续存在.
- 饮食和温度等环境因素改变了微生物群落,但并没有取代遗传学影响.
- 热浪减少了核心微生物群的多样性,并在沙漠物种中解脱了微生物代谢关系.
- 代谢特征相似性与不同温度的遗传学距离没有相关性.
结论:
- 肠道微生物的组合强烈地受宿主基因的决定,环境因素充当二次调节者.
- 宿主代谢特征表现出可塑性,并且与宿主基因不一致地联系在一起,特别是在环境压力下.
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