认知轨迹:探索主观认知衰退的预测作用以及对认知功能与年龄相关的变化意识的认识
Serena Sabatini1, Stephanie Cosentino2,3, Silvia Chapman3
1School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|November 6, 2023
概括
对认知衰老的主观意识,包括收益和损失,影响客观认知功能. 对收益和损失的更高意识,以及较低的主观认知衰退,与较差的口头推理和特定的工作记忆轨迹有关.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 研究的主观认知衰老方面:意识到与年龄相关的认知收益 (AARC-收益) 和损失 (AARC-损失),以及主观认知衰退 (SCD).
- 研究了这些主观测量与客观认知功能的纵向变化之间的预测关系:口头推理 (VR) 和工作记忆 (WM).
研究的目的:
- 为了确定认知衰老的主观感知是否能预测随着时间的推移客观认知变化.
- 分析意识对与年龄相关的认知收益和损失以及主观下降对口头推理和工作记忆轨迹的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自3,299名65岁以上认知健康的英国居民的纵向数据.
- 在2019年评估了AARC和SCD,在2019年,2020年和2021年测量了认知任务 (VR和WM).
- 采用潜增长曲线建模,潜类增长分析和增长混合建模来分析认知轨迹.
主要成果:
- 口头推理保持稳定,但较高的AARC-收益,AARC-损失和较低的SCD与较差的基线VR相关.
- 工作记忆表现出三个不同的轨迹:一个下降的类,一个改善的类,和一个稳定的类.
- 较高的AARC-收益和AARC-损失预测了与稳定类相比,更有可能属于改善工作记忆的类.
结论:
- 虽然对认知收益和损失的更高意识与当前认知水平较差相关,但对收益的意识可能代表未来认知改进的资源.
- 主观认知衰老的感知是老年人客观认知功能轨迹的重要预测因素.
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