少数群体的非银行身份和使用替代金融服务
Silvia Helena Barcellos1, Gema Zamarro1,2
1University of Southern California, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters Arts and Sciences, CESR, 635 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-4012, USA.
Journal of pension economics & finance
|November 6, 2023
概括
许多美国人缺乏银行账户或使用昂贵的替代金融服务 (AFS). 在非银行和AFS使用中存在种族差异,每个因素都有不同的驱动因素. 政策响应可能需要在没有银行账户和银行账户不足的人群中有所不同.
科学领域:
- 社会经济学 社会经济学
- 金融包容 金融包容 金融包容
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 美国有很大一部分人口没有银行账户或银行账户不足,依赖昂贵的替代金融服务 (AFS).
- 这种金融排斥对财富积累和退休保障有重大影响.
- 种族和民族差异在非银行身份和AFS使用中都很明显.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国未银行和未银行人口的种族/种族差异.
- 检查社会经济地位 (SES),财务素养,信任,网络和时间偏好在解释这些差异方面的作用.
- 区分非银行和银行不足的根本原因,以告知政策.
主要方法:
- 利用初级数据来分析跨种族/族群的非银行和频繁的AFS使用率.
- 使用回归分析来评估SES的解释能力,财务素养,信任,网络和时间偏好.
- 应用Blinder-Oaxaca分解来确定非银行身份和AFS使用中的种族差距的驱动因素.
主要成果:
- 没有银行账户身份的种族/种族差异在很大程度上是由社会经济能力的差异解释的.
- 替代金融服务 (AFS) 使用差距的解释不太在于捐赠,更多的是这些捐赠的回报差异.
- 虽然非银行和银行不足的状态是相关的,但它们的解释因素有很大的不同.
结论:
- 没有银行账户和银行账户不足的人群代表着不同的金融挑战,有不同的根本原因.
- 资产上的差异在很大程度上导致了种族群体之间没有银行账户的地位差距.
- 政策干预必须量身定制,认识到驱动AFS使用的因素与导致非银行身份的因素不同.
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