作为抗oomycetes剂的indole衍生物的组合合成
1College of Agricultural Engineering, Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, Zhengzhou 451450, Henan Province, China.
Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening
|November 6, 2023
概括
新的醇衍生物被合成并作为绿色杀菌剂对抗Phytophthora capsici.进行了测试. 两种化合物,I-d和I-l,与商业真菌杀菌剂佐克萨米德相比,表现出更高的抗菌体活性.
科学领域:
- 农业化学科学 农业化学科学
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 有机合成 有机合成
背景情况:
- 开发有效和安全的绿色杀菌剂对于控制植物病原性菌体至关重要.
- 印衍生物因其广泛的生物活性和药物合成潜力而受到探索.
- 没有先前的研究报告过醇衍生物作为杀菌剂对Phytophthora capsici.
研究的目的:
- 为了合成新型的醇衍生物.
- 评估它们对Phytophthora capsici的杀菌活性.
- 建立初步的结构-活性关系,以增强杀菌剂的开发.
主要方法:
- 印被用作合成的化合物.
- 使用Vilsmeier-Haack和Knoevenagel反应来制造关键中间体.
- 合成和表征了12种含有各种替代硫基的醇衍生物 (1H NMR,HRMS,点).
主要成果:
- 化合物I-d和I-l对Phytophthora capsici.表现出显著的抗菌体活性.
- 它们的疗效超过了商业真菌杀菌剂胺的疗效,EC50值为26.53 mg/L (I-d) 和23.48 mg/L (I-l).
- 在体内研究证实了这些化合物的保护作用.
结论:
- 印醇环上的C-3形式基基修饰是杀菌活性的一种可行的策略.
- 结构-活性关系分析表明了特定的替代品偏好:5-CN > H > 6-Me用于R1和4-NO2 > 3-NO2,H > 4-Me用于R2.
- 这些发现为设计更强效的基于英多尔的杀菌剂提供了基础.
相关概念视频
01:27Chemical Agents for Microbial Control
35
Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
35
01:11Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling
3.0K
The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the...
3.0K
01:26Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Mechanism
3.5K
The Hofmann and Curtius rearrangement reactions can be applied to synthesize primary amines from carboxylic acid derivatives such as amides and acyl azides. In the Hofmann rearrangement, a primary amide undergoes deprotonation in the presence of a base, followed by halogenation to generate an N-haloamide. A second proton abstraction produces a stabilized anionic species, which rearranges to an isocyanate intermediate via an alkyl group migration from the carbonyl carbon to the neighboring...
3.5K
01:07Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview
3.2K
In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.
3.2K
01:22Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis
3.9K
Direct alkylation of ammonia produces polyalkylated amines, along with a quaternary ammonium salt. To exclusively prepare primary amines, the azide synthesis method can be used.
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
3.9K
01:29Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds
3.7K
Oximes can be reduced to primary amines using catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, or sodium metal reduction. The reduction of aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds to primary amines takes place by either catalytic hydrogenation or by using active metals like Fe, Zn, and Sn in the presence of an acid.
Though catalytic hydrogenation can reduce nitrobenzenes, the reduction is nonselective in the presence of other functional groups. For instance, if nitrobenzene contains an aldehyde group,...
Though catalytic hydrogenation can reduce nitrobenzenes, the reduction is nonselective in the presence of other functional groups. For instance, if nitrobenzene contains an aldehyde group,...
3.7K