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在配方奶粉养的婴儿中,蛋白质摄入量较高或较低

Alejandro G Gonzalez-Garay¹, Aurora E Serralde-Zúñiga², Isabel Medina Vera¹

¹Methodology Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

|November 6, 2023

概括

与标准蛋白质配方相比,高蛋白质婴儿配方对婴儿生长或不良事件几乎没有影响. 需要进一步的研究来澄清婴儿营养中蛋白质含量的长期影响.

科学领域:

儿科儿科儿科
营养科学营养科学
基于证据的医学基于证据的医学.

背景情况:

婴儿配方奶粉被广泛用于促进婴儿生长.
一些配方含有高蛋白质含量 (≥2.5 g/100 kcal),以加速体重增加.
高蛋白婴儿配方奶粉的风险益处概况尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

评价高于低于蛋白质摄入量对健康,配方奶粉养的婴儿的益处和危害.
综合婴儿配方奶粉中蛋白质含量的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的证据.

主要方法:

系统地搜索多个数据库,包括CENTRAL,MEDLINE和Embase,直到2022年10月.
包括与高蛋白质 (≥2.5 g/100 kcal) 与标准蛋白质 (<2.5 g/100 kcal) 或低蛋白质 (<1.8 g/100 kcal) 配方进行比较的RCT.
使用随机效应模型和GRADE方法进行元分析,以确保证据评估的确定性.

主要成果:

非常低的确定性证据表明,高蛋白配方在第一年对体重不足,发育迟缓或衰减几乎/没有影响.
有证据表明,高蛋白配方在五年内对超重或肥胖的影响很小/没有.
在高蛋白与标准蛋白质配方之间,在腹或吐等不良事件中观察到很少或没有差异.

结论:

关于高蛋白配方对婴儿营养不良,超重或肥胖的影响仍然存在不确定性.
在高蛋白和标准蛋白质配方之间发现了不良事件风险的最小差异.
目前正在进行的研究可能会改变目前的结论;需要更多的研究.

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