帕拉塞尔的"Bergsucht" - - 肺癌还是辐射诱导的纤维化?
Michael Zhukovsky1, Aleksandra Onishchenko1
1Institute of Industrial Ecology UB RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
International journal of radiation biology
|November 6, 2023
概括
16世纪的施耐贝格矿工面临着高暴露. 像肺纤维化这样的决定性影响比辐射诱导的肺癌更有可能发生,特别是在非吸烟者中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业医学 职业医学是专业的.
- 辐射剂量计 辐射剂量计
背景情况:
- 在历史矿山中暴露于会给健康带来重大风险.
- 了解历史职业暴露对于风险评估至关重要.
- 施耐贝格矿山以历史高度的子矿而闻名.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估16世纪斯内贝格矿山中暴露的矿工吸收的剂量.
- 为了计算辐射诱导的肺癌和纤维化病的概率.
- 在风险评估中考虑预期寿命和不吸烟.
主要方法:
- 使用已公布的数据和RESRAD-Build 4.0建模估计的子度.
- 使用WinAct软件建模了放射性核素的动态 (ICRP出版物130,137).
- 使用IDAC 2.1计算吸收剂量,使用流行病学模型评估辐射风险.
主要成果:
- 评估子度:75-100 kBq m−3;平衡因子:0.49 ± 0.03.
- 每年暴露:125 - 165 WLM年−1;最大吸收的剂量在支气管: 2.23 Gy年−1.1.
- 辐射纤维化概率 (10年):60-100%;肺癌风险低于非吸烟者的决定性效应.
结论:
- 放射性肺硬化/肺纤维化等决定性影响在16世纪的施耐伯格矿工中比肺癌更有可能发生,这是由于高的原因.
- 与确定性效应相比,非吸烟矿工患肺癌的终身风险明显较低.
- 历史上高暴露率强调了需要采矿业强有力的职业安全措施.
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