屏幕时间与儿童精神问题相关的共同遗传风险
Yingzhe Zhang1, Karmel W Choi2,3, Scott W Delaney4
1Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA network open
|November 6, 2023
概括
遗传因素可以解释儿童屏幕时间和注意力或内化问题之间的重要关联. 这种遗传混表明,在年轻人使用屏幕和心理健康问题之间观察到的联系可能受到遗传倾向的影响.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童屏幕时间与心理健康问题有关,但遗传学的影响尚不清楚.
- 了解基因混对于准确解释屏幕时间对青少年心理健康的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化在屏幕时间和注意力之间关系中的遗传混程度或青春期前儿童的内化问题.
- 调查遗传因素在屏幕时间和青少年精神问题之间的关联中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自青少年大脑认知发展研究 (N=4262) 的数据,包括9-11岁的儿童.
- 采用基因敏感性分析模型 (Gsens),结合多基因风险得分 (PRS) 和遗传性估计 (基于SNV和基于双胞胎).
- 评估儿童报告的屏幕时间和家长报告的注意力和内化问题,通过阿肯巴赫儿童行为检查表在1年后续.
主要成果:
- 屏幕时间与注意力问题 (β=0.10) 和内化问题 (β=0.03) 有关.
- 电视时间,ADHD和抑郁症的多基因风险得分与屏幕时间和各自的结果有关,表明遗传重叠.
- 基因混解释了屏幕时间和注意力问题之间的大部分关联,在使用基于SNV的遗传性时42.7%的内化问题;在使用基于双胞胎的遗传性时,它完全解释了这两种关联.
结论:
- 遗传混显著影响了儿童屏幕时间和精神问题之间的观察到的关联.
- 这些发现强调了在关于青少年心理健康和屏幕时间的社会行为研究中考虑遗传因素的重要性.
- 未来的研究应该考虑遗传倾向,在检查可修改因素对儿童心理健康的影响时.
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