分子量子比特的原子工程为高速,高可靠性单个量子比特门
Michael T Jones1,2, Md Serajum Monir2,3, Felix N Krauth1,2
1Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
ACS nano
|November 6, 2023
概括
研究人员设计了电子自旋量子比特,以实现更快的量子计算. 通过优化在中的捐赠原子放置,他们实现了显著改善的单量子比特和双量子比特网关速度和保真性,这对于可扩展的量子处理器至关重要.
科学领域:
- 量子计算是一种量子计算.
- 固态量子信息科学 固态量子信息科学
- 原子尺度设备工程 原子尺度设备工程
背景情况:
- 万能量子计算需要高可靠性,快速的单量子和双量子比特门,具有个别量子比特的可定位性,以最大限度地减少脱节.
- 中的捐赠电子自旋量子比特提供了很长的连贯时间和高保真度,这使得它们成为可扩展量子计算的有希望的平台.
- 目前使用超精细相互作用的单个量子比特定位能力的方法受到一个小的超精细斯塔克系数的限制,限制了单个量子比特网关速度.
研究的目的:
- 在基于的电子自旋量子比特中设计增强的超精细Stark转移.
- 为了证明更快的单量子比特和双量子比特网关操作,具有高保真性和选择性.
- 探索分子量子比特在可扩展量子计算中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 采用扫描道显微镜 (STM) 光刻法,精确地在特定的晶体轴 ([110]和 [310]方向) 沿着中放置捐赠者.
- 研究了具有不同原子间距 (∼0.8 nm和≥5 nm) 的分子2P量子比特,以设计超细的Stark转移.
- 采用NEMO原子计算来预测超细的斯塔克系数,并使用高斯脉冲塑造模拟量子门操作.
主要成果:
- 通过控制不同晶体轴上的捐赠体放置,实现了超细 Stark 转移 (高达 11.2 MHz/MV m-1) 的 10 倍增加.
- 在2P分子中,NEMO计算预测潜在的超细Stark系数高达≤70MHz/MV m-1,捐赠者距离≥5nm.
- 快速的单量子比特网关 (10 ns旋转时间) 的可行性已被证明,具有~99%的可靠性和> 99.99%的控制可靠性的潜力,具有优化的网关时间,而不会影响邻近的量子比特.
结论:
- 通过控制捐赠原子的位置来设计超细的Stark转移是一种可行的策略,可以提高量子处理器中的量子位址性和门速度.
- 分子量子比特为显著更快,更有选择性的量子比特操作提供了途径,克服了单捐赠量子比特的局限性.
- 展示的进步为建立基于电子自旋量子比特的高性能,可扩展的量子计算机铺平了道路.
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