基因变异在G-四方体形成序列影响人类疾病相关基因的转录
Agustín Lorenzatti1, Ernesto J Piga1, Mauro Gismondi2
1Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario S2000EZP, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Nucleic acids research
|November 6, 2023
概括
单核酸变体 (SNVs) 影响基因促进器区域的G四重复体 (G4s) 可以影响转录和疾病风险. 这项研究确定了与疾病相关的G4变异,为精准医学诊断和治疗提供了潜力.
科学领域:
- 基因组学和分子生物学
- 生物信息学和计算生物学
- 人类遗传学和疾病机制
背景情况:
- 富含关氨酸的DNA可以形成G-quadruplexes (G4s),当它位于近端促进子区域 (PPRs) 时,会影响基因转录.
- 单核酸变体 (SNVs) 可以破坏G4结构 (G4-Vars),可能改变基因表达并导致人类疾病.
- 了解G4-Vars在PPR中的全基因组分布和影响对于疾病关联研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在PPR中对G4-Vars进行全面的全基因组研究,以确定与疾病相关的变异.
- 开发和应用一种生物信息学策略,用于检测与G-四重复形成序列 (PQS) 重叠的PPR中的SNV.
- 研究特定G4-Vars对基因转录的功能影响及其在疾病发展中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 开发生物信息学管道,以识别位于PPR中的SNV,并与预测的G4形成序列 (PQS) 重叠.
- 在体外分析了5个选定的G4-Vars,这些G4-Vars先前与阿尔茨海默病,凝血病,亚托皮炎,心肌梗塞和聋有关.
- 评估这些G4-Vars对G4折叠,稳定性和基因转录在培养细胞中的影响.
主要成果:
- 鉴定G4变异体,专注于PPRs中的与疾病相关的G4-Vars.
- 证明五个研究的G4-Vars破坏了相关基因促进器中的G4结构的折叠和稳定性.
- 证据表明,由于这些变异,G4结构的改变会影响基因转录,可能导致疾病的发病.
结论:
- PPR中的G4-Vars可以调节基因转录,并与对各种人类遗传疾病的易感性有关.
- 已识别的与疾病相关的G4-Vars代表了精准医学中诊断工具和治疗干预的潜在新目标.
- 这项研究强调了非正规DNA结构及其变异在人类疾病病因学中的重要性.
相关概念视频
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
13.5K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.5K
Genome Copying Errors
4.2K
DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
4.2K
Translation
14.9K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
14.9K
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs
17.7K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
17.7K
RNA Splicing
56.4K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.4K
Epigenetic Regulation
3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.0K


