美国与枪支有关的自杀的年龄趋势和州差异,1999-2020年
Nathaniel J Glasser1, Nabil Abou Baker2, Harold A Pollack3
1Nathaniel J. Glasser (nglasser@uchicago.edu), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Health affairs (Project Hope)
|November 6, 2023
概括
枪支自杀率保持稳定,但在2015-2020年与1999-2014年相比,总体上较高. 更严格的州枪支政策与较少的枪支自杀有关,与非枪支自杀不同.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 枪支自杀是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解趋势和政策影响对于预防至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析整个生命过程中的枪支自杀趋势.
- 随着时间的推移,比较趋势 (1999-2014年与2015-2020年).
- 检查国家枪支政策与自杀率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用疾病控制和预防中心基于Web的伤害统计查询和报告系统 (WISQARS) 的数据.
- 分析了枪支自杀率的年龄相关趋势.
- 根据国家枪支政策环境进行分层分析 (不太严格与更严格).
主要成果:
- 2015年至2020年,所有年龄组的枪支自杀率与1999年至2014年相比,总体上较高.
- 14-16岁的青少年显示,枪支自杀率的趋势正在加速.
- 没有那么严格的枪支政策的国家每年平均每10万人中枪支自杀死亡人数增加4.62人.
- 在不同枪支政策的国家之间没有观察到非枪支自杀率的一致差异.
- 国家之间枪支自杀率的最显著差异发生在成年期到中年.
结论:
- 国家枪支政策与枪支自杀率有关,突出了它们在预防方面的潜在作用.
- 医疗保健机构可以通过查和咨询在预防枪支自杀方面发挥作用.
- 建议采取干预措施,如对枪支所有权进行查,自杀风险评估以及为安全存储进行激励性采访.
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