独立监测和新的流行病协议
Layth Hanbali1, Elliot Hannon1, Susanna Lehtimaki1
1Spark Street Advisors, New York, New York, USA.
BMJ global health
|November 6, 2023
概括
建议建立一个独立的问责制框架,以加强全球流行病条约的遵守. 该机制将使用多种数据监测国家遵守规定,促进对未来卫生危机做好更好的准备和应对.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生法 全球卫生法
- 国际关系 国际关系
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 目前正在进行的全球流行病条约谈判强调了需要有效的执行机制.
- 过去的协议,如国际卫生条例,表明国家参与并不保证遵守.
研究的目的:
- 对拟议的流行病条约的问责制框架的设计特征进行调查.
- 加强遵守关于预防,准备和应对流行病的国际协议.
主要方法:
- 审查国际机构的治理结构.
- 进行了40多次采访,与各利益相关者和专家就疫情条约治理进行了采访.
- 分析国际协议中有效的合规机制.
主要成果:
- 执法机制对于合规至关重要,但应用不一致.
- 有效的执法通常依赖于"软的政治杆",而不是"硬的法律杆",以避免意外的伤害.
- 可靠的监测需要多样化的信息来源 (民间社会,国际政府组织) 和独立性 (法律,金融,政治).
结论:
- 建议为全球流行病协议建立一个独立的监测机制.
- 这种机制将三角化各种信息,接收机密报告,并寻求进一步的国家信息.
- 该机制将向高级政治机构报告,以促进合规.
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