通过确定胚胎,器官,组织和细胞发育潜力来发现突变小鼠的表型
Virginia E Papaioannou1, Richard R Behringer2
1Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA vep1@columbia.edu.
Cold Spring Harbor protocols
|November 6, 2023
概括
即使在死亡后,使用体外培养技术也可以研究突变胚胎. 这允许详细分析细胞,组织和器官的发育潜力.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 在遗传学研究中的胚胎致死性对分析突变表型提出了挑战.
- 了解突变细胞和组织的发育潜力对于生物研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 概述研究突变胚胎及其细胞组件死后的方法.
- 突出评估突变胚胎细胞和组织发育潜力的技术.
主要方法:
- 整体胚胎体外培养以实时观察和与对照进行比较.
- 在体外培养器官的器官,超过整个胚胎的寿命.
- 使用光蛋白记者来跟踪细胞类型和基因表达.
- 细胞系衍生,包括胚胎干细胞 (ES) 细胞, trofhoblast干细胞 (TS) 细胞,外胚胎内皮干细胞 (XEN) 细胞和表皮细胞衍生干细胞 (EpiSC).
- 将细胞或器官移植到野生类型宿主中.
- 对喜梅拉和瘤中突变细胞的分析.
主要成果:
- 试管培养使得在生物体死亡后能够研究突变胚胎及其组成部分.
- 光记者有助于在培养系统中跟踪细胞行为和基因表达.
- 来自突变胚胎的衍生干细胞系 (ES,TS,XEN,EpiSC) 允许对活体潜在的评估.
- 移植和嵌合体/瘤形成为分析突变细胞潜力提供了进一步的途径.
结论:
- 胚胎死亡并没有停止对突变的发育潜力的调查.
- 在体外培养,细胞系衍生和移植的结合为研究突变胚胎提供了全面的策略.
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