基因组学和跨性别模仿和雌性限定的多态性在的基因组学和进化
Beatriz Willink1,2, Kalle Tunström3, Sofie Nilén4
1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. beatriz.willink@zoologi.su.se.
Nature ecology & evolution
|November 6, 2023
概括
中的雄性模仿通过显著的基因组变化进化,包括新的DNA序列和转位. 这种复杂的特征,通过平衡选择来维持,代表了跨物种的多态性.
科学领域:
- 进化遗传学的进化遗传学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 性限制的多态性提供了对复杂特征进化的洞察.
- 跨性别模仿,其中一个性别模仿另一个,在各种物种中观察到,但其进化起源仍然不清楚.
- 之前对的研究记录了形态之间的基因表达差异,但缺乏因果遗传位置的识别.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究普通蓝尾的雌性限定形态和雄性模仿的基因组基础.
- 为了确定基因架构是跨性别模仿进化的基础.
- 了解结构变异和可转移元素在表型多态的起源和维持中的作用.
主要方法:
- 比较基因组学以确定与男性模仿相关的结构变异.
- 对可转移元素活性及其在基因组重组中的作用的分析.
- 研究基因流动和对仿真位置起作用的选择压力.
- 遗传学分析来追踪模仿的进化历史.
主要成果:
- 男性模仿起源于一个祖先的两性异形血统,与广泛的结构基因组变化 (~900 kb) 相关,可能是由可转移元素驱动的.
- 这些基因组变化部分与相关物种共享,这表明男性模仿是一种跨物种的多态性.
- 最近,通过将男性模仿序列的一部分转移到遥远的基因组位置,出现了第三种形态.
- 发现了平衡选择维持男性模仿多态性的证据.
结论:
- 少数调节性和形态特异性基因中的结构变异可以产生复杂的表型多态性.
- 可转移的元素活动在新型基因组内容和表型新性的演变中发挥着重要作用.
- 跨性别模仿可以通过实质性的基因组改变进化,并作为跨物种多态现象持续存在.
- 平衡选择是维持复杂的性别限制多态的关键因素.
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