在内华达州的粮食和住房不安全在COVID-19大流行期间
Courtney Coughenour1, Lung-Chang Chien2, Maxim Gakh2
1School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4700 S. Maryland Parkway, Suite 335, Mailstop #3063, Las Vegas, NV, 89119, USA. courtney.coughenour@unlv.edu.
Journal of community health
|November 6, 2023
概括
在内华达州,COVID-19大流行使住房不安全状况恶化,同时略有减少了粮食不安全状况. 有色人种在粮食不安全方面面临着显著的差异,这凸显了有针对性的支持的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生和社会科学
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行加剧了美国对粮食和住房不安全的现有担忧,不成比例地影响了弱势群体.
- 由于与流行病有关的关闭,内华达州的失业率大幅上升,主要行业包括游戏,旅游和酒店业.
研究的目的:
- 从2020年到2021年,分析内华达州成年人粮食不安全 (FI) 和住房不安全 (HI) 的变化.
- 在疫情期间确定与FI和HI相关的人口和社会经济因素.
- 检查粮食不安全经历中的种族和民族差异.
主要方法:
- 来自于2020年 (n=1000) 和2021年 (n=1002) 对内华达州成年人进行的两项全州电话调查数据的分析.
- 两个调查年间粮食和住房不安全率的比较.
- 纵向分析以评估人口群体内不安全性流行率的变化.
主要成果:
- 粮食不安全性下降了8.24个百分点 (30.2%至21.96%),而住房不安全性在2020年至2021年间增加了12.58个百分点 (12.27%至24.85%).
- 健康状况成为HI和FI的重要因素. 有色人种,特别是亚洲人/夏威夷人/太平洋岛民,面临更高的FI率.
- 虽然白人参与者的FI显著下降,但非白人参与者的减少在统计学上并不显著,这表明持续存在的差异.
结论:
- 这些发现强调了加强支持系统的必要性,以解决有色人种和残疾人的食物和住房需求.
- 需要进一步调查2021年亚洲/太平洋岛民人口中高粮食不安全率.
- 迫切需要解决方案来缓解内华达州日益严重的住房不安全问题.
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