在天然产品中出现D-氨基酸
Daniel W Armstrong1, Alain Berthod2
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA. sec4dwa@uta.edu.
Natural products and bioprospecting
|November 6, 2023
概括
尽管存在标准的遗传密码,但D-氨基酸 (D-AAs) 在天然产品中惊人地常见. 本综述详细介绍了132种含有D-AA的化合物,探讨了它们的起源和生物学意义.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 自然产品 化学 化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 标准遗传密码仅对L-蛋白原氨基酸 (AAs) 进行编码,这表明D-AAs不应该存在于天然产品中.
- 然而,D-AAs在各种生物体的天然化合物中广泛存在,包括细菌,真菌,藻类,海洋动物和脊椎动物.
- 在文献中已经确定了超过132种包含D-AAs的天然化合物.
研究的目的:
- 审查和目录含有D-氨基酸的天然产品.
- 描述负责D-AA整合的生物合成途径 (非核糖体合成和核糖体合成和翻译后修改的).
- 讨论识别天然酸中氨基酸性的一些方法.
主要方法:
- 文献审查以识别和目录含有D-AAs的天然产品.
- 生物合成途径的描述:非核糖体合成 (NRPS) 和核糖体合成和翻译后修饰的 (RiPPs).
- 简要讨论确定氨基酸性性的分析方法.
主要成果:
- 这里列出了132种含有D-AAs的天然化合物的综合清单.
- 分析了天然产品中特定D-AAs的流行程度:D-Alanine,D-Valine,D-Leucine和D-Serine是最常见的.
- 发现D-lysine和D-Methionine是研究化合物中最不常见的D-AAs.
- 不蛋白质的D--氨酸也经常遇到.
结论:
- 天然产品中D-AAs的存在与标准遗传密码的含义相矛盾.
- 像NRPS和RiPPs这样的生物合成途径对于产生具有D-AAs的来说至关重要.
- 含有D-AA的天然化合物与其全L合成对应物相比,往往表现出明显的生物活性.
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