有兄弟姐妹会影响自闭症患者的同情心吗?
Yonat Rum1,2, Ofer Golan3,4, Carrie Allison3
1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Yr255@cam.ac.uk.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|November 7, 2023
概括
没有兄弟姐妹的自闭症儿童比那些有兄弟姐妹的孩子表现出更高的同情心得分. 成年人的同理心没有差异,但性别和兄弟姐妹身份在一个指标上相互作用.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特点是社会互动和沟通的差异.
- 兄弟姐妹关系在自闭症患者社会技能和同情心的发展中的作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究兄弟姐妹对自闭症儿童和成人同情水平的影响.
- 探索基于自闭症人口中的兄弟姐妹身份的同情度量的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自剑桥自闭症研究数据库 (CARD) 的数据,包括自闭症儿童 (n=939) 和成人 (n=736).
- 对儿童 (家长报告) 和成年人 (自我报告) 的同理心指数 (EQ) 进行了同理心评估.
- 在眼睛中阅读思维测试 (RMET) 给成年人.
主要成果:
- 没有兄弟姐妹的自闭症儿童在EQ上得分明显高于有兄弟姐妹的孩子.
- 在EQ或RMET上,有或没有兄弟姐妹的自闭症成年人之间没有发现同情心的显著差异.
- 在成年人RMET中观察到性别和兄弟姐妹身份之间的相互作用效应,自闭症男性与兄弟姐妹的表现与女性相似.
结论:
- 兄弟姐妹身份可能不会像假设的那样增强自闭症个体的同情心,一些证据表明儿童的情况恰恰相反.
- 父母报告的同情心在孩子与兄弟姐妹可能会受到对比效应的影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索自闭症男性兄弟姐妹,性别和同情心之间的细微关系.
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