广东语说话的儿童在发展语言障碍和没有发展语言障碍的情况下理解相对句子
Jane Lai1,2, Angel Chan1,2,3, Evan Kidd4,5,6
1Department of Chinese and Bilingual Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
PloS one
|November 7, 2023
概括
患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童表现出与较年轻的典型发育儿童相似的语言处理挑战,这表明语言学习的领域普遍而不是特定领域的缺陷.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 影响了2/30个没有其他生物医学条件的儿童的口语.
- 了解DLD对复杂语法的影响,比如相对条款 (RCs),对于理论账户至关重要.
- 广东语提供了一个独特的语言背景来研究DLD中的RC处理.
研究的目的:
- 调查广东语儿童的相对句子 (RC) 理解准确度和处理情况.
- 测试DLD的竞争领域特定与域一般理论账户.
- 为了将DLD儿童与年龄相匹配和语言相匹配的典型发育的同龄人进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用参考选择任务来评估RC理解准确性和处理 (视觉偏好).
- 参与者包括DLD儿童 (N=22) 和典型发育 (TD) 的儿童 (年龄匹配N=23;语言匹配N=21).
- 一般化的线性混合效应模型分析了准确性和眼睛跟踪数据,考虑RC类型和相对化器.
主要成果:
- 患有DLD的儿童的准确性显著降低,处理速度比同龄的TD同龄人慢.
- 患有DLD的儿童在准确性或处理速度方面与年轻的,语言匹配的TD同龄人没有区别.
- 在所有组中都观察到分类器 (CL) 对相对标记ge3的处理优势.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了DLD的特定领域的语法缺陷理论.
- 结果更好地通过域一般账户来解释,强调多个过程的新兴特性.
- 这项研究为非印度欧语语言背景下对DLD提供了新的见解.
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