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外地生物:干旱为罕见的无脊椎动物创造了利基空间,这是一个大规模和长期的实地实验

Thomas W H Aspin^1,2, Kieran Khamis¹, Thomas J Matthews^1,3,4

¹School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.

Biology letters

|November 7, 2023

概括

干的河流为陆地无脊椎动物创造了新的息地. 分裂的河流支持多样化的陆地生物,但严重的干旱可能会损害水生和陆生物种.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
环境科学环境科学
保护生物学保护生物学

背景情况:

淡水息地越来越受到气候变化和过度抽象的威胁,导致更频繁和更长时间的干旱.
虽然干旱期间水生物种减少,但陆地物种可能会利用新暴露的河床,但它们对极端干旱的反应尚不清楚.
干燥的河床中的过渡性生态体代表了水生和陆生生态系统之间的关键接口.

研究的目的:

研究陆地无脊椎动物群落对不同强度的河流干旱的反应.
评估陆地物种从干燥的河床中受益或受到负面影响的潜力.
了解未来,更极端的干旱如何影响河流生物多样性,包括水生和陆生成分.

主要方法:

进行了一项大规模的长期中宇宙实验,以模拟干旱强度的梯度,从永久流量到完全的溪床脱水.
陆地无脊椎动物社区组合在一年后在不同的干旱治疗中进行了分析.
评估了物种丰富度,多样性和周转,以了解社区的反应.

主要成果:

由于中度干旱造成的溪流碎片化导致了最多样化的陆地无脊椎动物群体,包括受保护关注的物种.
在经历碎片化的实验道之间观察到高物种周转率.
严重的干旱导致河床完全脱水,导致陆地无脊椎动物的丰富程度下降,这表明持久的池有利于这些种类.

结论:

干旱加剧对河流生物多样性构成普遍威胁,影响水生和陆生物种.
在干旱期间,下游游泳池的持续存在可能对支持陆地无脊椎动物群体至关重要.
极端干旱可能会导致水生和陆生物种中的"获胜者"减少,这凸显了积极保护战略的必要性.

关键词:

生物多样性生物多样性社区集会社区集会干燥干燥干燥干燥无脊椎动物是一种无脊椎动物.在中宇宙实验中,中宇宙实验.河流干旱干旱河流干旱

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