在阿片类药物和酒精使用障碍中破坏大脑状态动态:尼古丁使用的减弱
Rui Zhang1, Weizheng Yan2, Peter Manza2
1Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. rui.zhang@nih.gov.
概括
患有物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的人表现出大脑网络动态的改变. 尼古丁的共同使用可以扭转这些变化,这表明需要根据药物使用模式定制SUD治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 成研究 研究成研究
- 脑部成像 脑部成像
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 是一种慢性疾病,其特点是大脑网络的持久变化.
- 以前的研究主要研究静态功能连接,对慢性药物使用如何影响大脑网络动态的理解有限.
- 尼古丁的共同使用在患有阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 和酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的个体中很普遍,需要对其对大脑动态的影响进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 在患有阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 和酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的人群中调查大脑状态动态.
- 评估同时使用尼古丁对OUD和AUD群体大脑状态动态的影响.
- 为了比较SUD和健康对照个体之间的大脑动态.
主要方法:
- 利用了27名OUD,107名AUD和137名健康参与者的休息状态功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 数据.
- 采用数据驱动的集群方法,在单个时间框架中识别反复出现的大脑状态及其动态.
- 分析了被识别的大脑状态的部分占用率,停留时间,出现率和过渡概率.
主要成果:
- 与对照人群相比,OUD和AUD非吸烟者表现出默认模式网络 (DMN) 主导的大脑状态占用率的降低和视觉网络 (VIS) 主导的大脑状态的增加.
- 大脑状态动态的这些变化也反映在状态之间的过渡概率上.
- 在OUD和AUD参与者同时使用尼古丁显示出相反的效果,增强DMN主导的状态并减少VIS主导的状态.
结论:
- 与健康个体相比,OUD和AUD参与者在大脑状态动态中表现出类似的变化.
- 尼古丁的共同使用以相反的方式显著调节这些大脑动态,突出了不同的药物效应.
- 研究结果表明,需要个性化SUD治疗策略,考虑并发性药物使用模式.
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