医生协助自杀或安乐死应该在美国合法化吗? 一个医学知情的观点
W Craig Fowler1,2, Harold G Koenig3,4,5,6
1Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, NC, USA.
Journal of religion and health
|November 8, 2023
概括
医生协助自杀 (PAS) 的合法化是有争议的,但它与"不要伤害"的医疗原则相冲突. 富有同情心的生命末期护理,而不是加速死亡,应该是医学的重点.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 美国面临着关于医生辅助自杀 (PAS) 的重大辩论,以及与"不要伤害"的基本医学原则相冲突.
- 安乐死和PAS的历史和法律背景对于理解当前的伦理和政策讨论至关重要.
- 支持和反对PAS合法化的关键论点包括患者自主权,减轻痛苦和专业诚信.
研究的目的:
- 审查主要主张PAS合法化的主张.
- 分析复杂性和担忧,特别是在医疗保健专业人员的良心自由方面.
- 检查与患者自主权,痛苦和公共政策有关的论点,在终身护理的背景下.
主要方法:
- 关于支持和反对医生协助自杀的论点的文献综述.
- 医学伦理原则的分析,包括"不伤害"的义务.
- 检查安乐死和PAS的历史,法律和政策维度.
主要成果:
- 支持PAS的支持者强调患者的自主权和减轻痛苦.
- 担忧包括对医疗保健专业人员的良心自由的影响,以及医疗专业核心使命的潜在侵蚀.
- 这项研究强调,优先考虑高质量,富有同情心的生命末期护理是必不可少的,即使治疗是不可能的.
结论:
- 合法化医生协助自杀 (PAS) 与医学界"不要伤害"的伦理基础存在根本冲突.
- 重点应该是加强富有同情心的生命终结护理,而不是促进死亡.
- 通过PAS合法化可能会破坏医药的完整性和可信度,并伤害医疗保健专业人员.
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