具有替代NF-κB通路缺陷的人类I型IFN的自身抗体
Tom Le Voyer1,2, Audrey V Parent3, Xian Liu3
1Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. tom.le-voyer@institutimagine.org.
Nature
|November 8, 2023
概括
在NIK,RELB或NF-κB2的遗传缺陷导致对I型干扰素 (IFN) 的自身抗体,增加严重的COVID-19风险. 这会影响胸膜AIRE细胞的发育,与APS-1不同.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 遗传学
- 病毒学
背景情况:
- 1型自身免疫多胞膜病综合征 (APS-1) 患者有 AIRE 缺乏产生的自身抗体中和 I 型干扰素 (IFN),增加了 COVID-19 肺炎的风险.
- 其他遗传缺陷也可能导致类似的自身抗体产生,并增加对严重病毒感染的易感性.
研究的目的:
- 调查NIK,RELB或NF-κB2的缺陷是否与对I型IFN进行中和的自身抗体有关.
- 确定这些缺陷的患者患有危及生命的COVID-19肺炎的风险.
- 探索潜在的机制,包括胸膜发育和AIRE表达.
主要方法:
- 对NIK,RELB或NF- kB2缺乏症患者的I型IFN自身抗体的分析.
- 在这些患者群体中评估COVID-19肺炎风险.
- 检查受影响个体的胸膜结构和表达AIRE的骨髓胸膜上皮细胞.
主要成果:
- 患有自体衰退性NIK或RELB缺陷或特定自体主导的NF-κB2缺陷 (p52LOF/ IκBδGOF) 的患者产生对I型IFN的中和性自身抗体.
- 这些患者患有危及生命的COVID-19肺炎的风险更高.
- 相比之下,其他NFKB2变体 (p52LOF/ IκBδLOF,p52GOF/ IκBδLOF) 的个体不会产生这些自身抗体.
- 患有NIK,RELB或NF-κB2疾病的患者表现出异常的胸膜结构,AIRE表达细胞减少,与具有很少组织特异性自身抗体的APS-1患者不同.
结论:
- 替代NF-κB通路的先天错误会损害髓上皮细胞的发育和AIRE的表达.
- 这种损伤是针对I型IFN的自身抗体的产生和对包括COVID-19在内的严重病毒性疾病的倾向的基础.
- 了解这些与自身免疫和病毒易感性的遗传联系对于风险分层和潜在的治疗策略至关重要.
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