在三角形和欧米克朗BA.1浪潮期间,mRNA疫苗接种和SARS-CoV-2感染之间的关联:人口水平分析
Allison P Plaxco1,2, Jennifer M Kmet1, Vikki G Nolan2
1Bureau of Epidemiology, Preparedness, and Informatics, Shelby County Health Department, Memphis, Tennessee.
AJPM focus
|November 9, 2023
概括
针对Omicron变种的COVID-19疫苗的有效性因年龄组而异,不同于Delta变种激增期间. 这表明与年龄相关的SARS-CoV-2菌株防护的差异.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19 mRNA疫苗对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种的有效性有所降低.
- 之前的研究表明,在Omicron激增期间,与年龄相关的疫苗有效性差异存在,但对于其他变种没有观察到这种情况.
研究的目的:
- 在SARS-CoV-2的Delta和Omicron BA.1波中,根据年龄组比较疫苗的有效性.
- 为了确定年龄是否会在主要的SARS-CoV-2菌株中不同影响COVID-19疫苗的有效性.
主要方法:
- 利用了田纳西州谢尔比县的COVID-19监控数据.
- 参与者分层分成年龄组:18-34岁,35-64岁和65岁以上.
- 疫苗接种情况分类:未接种疫苗,完全接种疫苗和完全接种疫苗 + 强剂.
主要成果:
- 在所有接种疫苗的群体中,COVID-19的发病率在奥米克朗波期间明显高于德尔塔波.
- 在三角洲疫情浪潮期间,完全接种疫苗的个体的病例减少了79.2%,接种增强剂的个体的病例减少了94.8%,与未接种疫苗的个体相比.
- 在Omicron浪潮期间,与未接种疫苗的个人相比,完全接种疫苗的个体的病例减少了40.2%,并且那些接种了增强剂的个体的病例减少了66.7%.
结论:
- 疫苗对COVID-19的有效性在Omicron浪潮期间显示出与年龄相关的差异,而在Delta浪潮期间这种模式并不明显.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以探索影响特定年龄疫苗有效性的行为模式和其他混因素.
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